Types of Nurses and Support for Family Caregivers

As more families choose home healthcare for aging parents or loved ones with chronic conditions, it’s important to understand who’s involved in delivering care and how family members can get help too. This guide walks you through the different types of nurses you may meet in home care, explains the vital role of family caregivers, and highlights state programs that offer financial support—complete with links to apply.

👩‍⚕️ Types of Nurses in Home Healthcare

In home healthcare, several types of nurses work together to ensure patients are safe, comfortable, and supported. Here’s a quick breakdown:

1. Registered Nurses (RNs)

What they do: RNs provide skilled nursing care such as creating care plans, administering IV medications, changing wound dressings, and monitoring patient progress. They also teach families how to manage medical equipment and medications.

In home care: RNs usually perform the initial assessment and set up a care plan. They may also oversee other caregivers, ensuring everything is done safely and properly.

2. Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) or Licensed Vocational Nurses (LVNs)

What they do: LPNs or LVNs support RNs by offering hands-on patient care. They can check vital signs, change bandages, and provide medication reminders. They are especially helpful for long-term care.

In home care: LPNs often make regular visits to check on the patient’s condition, helping with tasks that don’t require an RN but still need clinical knowledge.

3. Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs)

What they do: CNAs assist with everyday needs like bathing, grooming, toileting, and getting in and out of bed. They observe changes in health and report to nurses.

In home care: CNAs are often the daily face of care, helping patients maintain hygiene and dignity. Their presence can also provide important social interaction.

4. Home Health Aides (HHAs)

What they do: HHAs focus on non-medical support. They may help prepare meals, do laundry, run errands, and ensure a safe home environment.

In home care: HHAs are especially valuable when patients need assistance with daily routines but don’t require medical care.

👪 Family Caregivers: The Unseen Backbone of Home Care

Many people don’t realize that family members can be trained and paid to help care for a loved one. From helping with medications to managing doctor appointments and providing companionship, family caregivers often fill the gaps left by professional care.

That’s why several states offer financial help, training programs, and resources specifically for family members who step into this important role.

💵 State Programs That Pay Family Caregivers

Here’s a list of programs by state, with direct links where available so you can check eligibility and apply:

Arizona

• ALTCS (Arizona Long Term Care System): Offers compensation for family caregivers through Medicaid-managed long-term care.

• Family Caregiver Reimbursement Program (AzFCRP): Provides up to $1,000 to help offset home modification or care-related expenses.

• DES Family Caregiver Support: Offers counseling, respite care, and support groups.

• LHA (Licensed Health Aide) – Allows family members to become licensed health aides to provide skilled services at home and be reimbursed.

California

• In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS): Pays family members—including adult children and sometimes spouses—to provide care at home.

Colorado

• IHSS (In-Home Support Services) – Medicaid program where family members can get paid to assist with personal and medical tasks.

Florida

• AMFC (Aging and Adult Services – Adult Medicaid-Funded Caregiver) – Some Medicaid programs in Florida allow caregivers—including family—to be compensated when caring for seniors or adults with disabilities.

Indiana

• Family HAA Program – Through Medicaid, Indiana allows caregivers (often family members) to receive pay and professional support.

Massachusetts

• Adult Foster Care (AFC): Pays family members who live with the person they care for, provided certain health needs are met.

New York

• CDPAP (Consumer Directed Personal Assistance Program): Lets patients choose their caregiver—including most family members.

Pennsylvania

• Home Health Aide Program – Allows family caregivers to become paid HHAs through waiver programs.

Texas

• Primary Home Care (PHC) Program: Through Medicaid, this program helps cover basic care needs and allows family caregivers.

Washington State

• WA Cares Fund: A long-term care insurance program launching benefits in 2026, designed to help residents pay family caregivers and other support.

📝 How to Apply for Family Caregiver Programs

Applying usually takes a few simple steps:

1. Contact your local Medicaid office: This is often where state caregiving support programs are managed.

2. Get the right documents: This includes medical assessments, proof of income, and proof of relationship.

3. Fill out the application: Follow instructions carefully—some programs require a healthcare provider to complete part of the form.

4. Wait for approval: Many programs also offer training once you’re approved.

For more national and state-specific caregiving resources, visit USA.gov’s Caregiver Support page.

🌟 Final Thoughts

Whether you’re a nurse working in home healthcare or a family member stepping up to care for someone you love, knowing your options makes all the difference. From RNs to HHAs and from IHSS to CDPAP, there’s a wide range of help available.

If you or someone you know is thinking about caregiving, don’t wait—check what programs your state offers. Support is out there, and you deserve it.