When searching for care options for an older adult family member or a medically fragile child, you might wonder about the different types of care providers available. Understanding the roles of caregivers and certified nursing assistants (CNAs) can help you make the best choice for your loved one’s needs.

Quick Answer: The primary difference between a caregiver and a CNA lies in training and scope of practice:

  • CNAs require formal certification through a state-approved training program and must pass a competency exam and state exam
  • Caregivers may work without formal training, though many receive additional training from employers
  • CNAs can perform medical tasks like checking vital signs
  • Caregivers focus on non-medical tasks such as meal preparation, companionship, and help with daily activities

Both roles serve essential functions in caring for older adults, whether in a private home, assisted living facility, or skilled nursing facility. The choice between them depends on the specific care needs and medical requirements of the care recipient.

An Infographic by Team Select Home Care outlining what a caregiver is

What is a Caregiver? Roles, Responsibilities, and Requirements

A caregiver provides essential care and support to help people maintain their independence and quality of life. There are two main types of caregivers: professional caregivers who work for agencies or facilities, and family caregivers who are family members providing unpaid care.

Key Responsibilities of Caregivers

Professional caregivers serve as care providers offering personal care and daily living support. Their primary responsibilities include:

  • Personal care assistance: Help with bathing, dressing, grooming, and hygiene 
  • Meal preparation and nutrition: Planning and preparing nutritious meals, grocery shopping 
  • Household support: Light housekeeping, laundry, and organizing 
  • Transportation and companionship: Driving to appointments, social activities, and providing emotional support 
  • Medication reminder: Helping care recipients remember to take medications (not administration) 
  • Safety monitoring: Ensuring the home environment is safe and secure

Education and Training Requirements

Unlike CNAs, caregivers often have flexible education requirements:

  • Basic education: Many positions require only a high school diploma
  • On-the-job training: Employers frequently provide additional training specific to their needs
  • Voluntary certification: Some caregivers pursue formal certification through community college or vocational school programs
  • Family caregivers: Family members often become caregivers without any formal training, learning through experience and resources.

Work Environments

Caregivers work in various settings depending on their role:

  • In-home care: Providing services in the care recipient’s own residence
  • Retirement communities: Assisting residents with daily activities in independent living settings
  • Some nursing facilities: Working as personal care assistants under supervision
  • Adult day programs: Supporting participants during daytime hours

Child in Wheelchair holding hands with caregivers

What is a CNA? Education, Certification, and Scope of Practice

A certified nursing assistant is an entry-level healthcare professional who works under the supervision of a registered nurse or licensed practical nurse. CNAs are also known as nursing assistants or nurse aides and play a crucial role in the healthcare team.

Education and Certification Requirements

Becoming a CNA requires formal education and certification:

  • Complete a state-approved training program (typically 75-150 hours)
  • Pass a competency exam that includes both written and practical components
  • Pass the state exam to receive CNA certification
  • Maintain certification through continuing education and renewal requirements

Training programs are available through:

  • Community colleges
  • Vocational schools
  • Healthcare facilities
  • Technical institutes

Expanded Scope of Practice

CNAs have a broader scope of practice that includes medical tasks:

  • Vital signs monitoring: Taking and recording temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration
  • Personal care: Assisting with bathing, dressing, and mobility
  • Patient documentation: Recording observations about patient condition and care provided
  • Healthcare team collaboration: Working with healthcare professionals to implement care plans
  • Equipment maintenance: Cleaning and maintaining basic medical equipment

Work Environments and Career Advancement

CNAs work in various healthcare settings:

  • Skilled nursing facilities and long-term care facilities
  • Hospitals and medical centers
  • Assisted living facilities
  • Home health aide positions in private homes
  • Rehabilitation centers and care facilities

Career advancement opportunities for CNAs include:

  • Pursuing education to become a licensed practical nurse
  • Specializing through additional training in areas like dementia care
  • Advancing to supervisory roles
  • Using CNA experience as a stepping stone to registered nurse education

An infographic by Team Select Home Care showing the difference between a caregiver and a CNA

Key Differences: Training, Responsibilities, and Career Paths

Understanding the distinctions between caregivers and CNAs helps determine which role best fits your career goals or care needs.

Training and Certification Comparison

  • Caregivers
    • Formal certification is not always required, especially for private or family caregiving roles
    • Training requirements vary by state and employer—can range from a few hours to several weeks
    • May need to register or complete basic training if working for a licensed home care agency
    • Continuing education is typically optional
  • Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs)
    • Must complete a state-approved training program (usually 75–150 hours)
      Required to pass a written and skills-based state competency exam
      Certification is mandatory to work as a CNA in any setting
    • Must complete ongoing education to maintain certification

Scope of Responsibilities

  • CNAs can perform:
      • Medical tasks like vital signs monitoring
        • Assist with medical procedures under supervision
      • Document medical observations
      • Work directly with healthcare professionals
  • Caregivers typically focus on:
    • Non-medical tasks and daily living support
    • Companionship and emotional support
    • Household management
    • Transportation and errands

Work Environment and Compensation

  • Demand: Both roles are in high demand 
  • Flexibility: Caregivers often have more flexible scheduling options 
  • Medical environment: CNAs work more closely with medical care teams 
  • Advancement: CNAs have clearer pathways to healthcare career advancement

Which Role Might Be Right for You?

Consider these factors when choosing between roles:

  • Interest in medical tasks: Do you want to be involved in medical care?
  • Time for training: Can you commit to formal certification requirements?
  • Work environment preference: Do you prefer home settings or nursing facilities?
  • Career goals: Are you interested in advancing in healthcare?

Beautiful kind female nurse taking care of little boy hospitalized in bed.

Finding Quality Care – How Team Select Home Care Makes the Difference

Whether you’re considering becoming a care provider or seeking home care services for a family member, choosing an experienced home health care agency makes all the difference. Quality care requires more than just training, it demands compassionate care, ongoing support, and a commitment to treating every patient with dignity and respect.

Why Experience Matters in Home Care

Team Select Home Care has spent over 17 years building the most experienced and caring healthcare professionals team in the industry. Since 2008, we’ve been on a mission to help more families in need of quality care, starting from humble beginnings in Phoenix, Arizona, and expanding across multiple states.

Comprehensive Care Services

Our team includes both professional caregivers and certified healthcare professionals who provide:

Our Commitment to Excellence

What sets Team Select apart is our focus on:

When you choose Team Select Home Care, you’re partnering with a licensed home health agency who understands that extra support can change lives for the better. Our mission is simple: to advocate for families in need and empower our team members to make the world a better place.

Ready to learn more about quality in-home care options for your family member? Contact Team Select Home Care to discover how our experienced team can provide the compassionate care your loved one deserves in the comfort of their own home.

author avatar
Diana Lovelette Director of Talent Acquisition
Hi! I'm Diana Lovelette. I earned my bachelor's degree in Health Science from the University of South Florida in 2018. I began my journey with Team Select in 2020 as a staffing coordinator and soon transitioned into a healthcare recruiter role. It didn’t take long for me to fall in love with the company, the mission, and the incredible people I get to work alongside. Over the years, I’ve had the opportunity to grow into my current position as Director of Talent Acquisition. In this role, I’m passionate about helping our team of recruiters thrive—through ongoing training, mentorship, and hands-on support. Watching them grow, hit goals, and make an impact on the families we serve is the most rewarding part of what I do. I'm proud to be part of a company that values people, purpose, and progress.